Why Early Detection Matters
Catching prostate cancer early often means more treatment options and a better outlook. Many men don’t have symptoms in the early stages, which is why regular screenings are so important, especially for those with risk factors like age, family history, or race. In Arkansas, where prostate cancer rates are slightly higher than the national average, early detection is especially critical. According to the Arkansas Department of Health, African American men and those over age 50 are particularly encouraged to talk with their doctors about screening.
The Main Methods of Prostate Cancer Detection
There are several ways prostate cancer can be detected. While no single method is perfect, a combination of tests helps doctors make the most informed decisions.
1. PSA Blood Test
The PSA (prostate-specific antigen) test is often the first step.
- How it works: A simple blood draw measures PSA levels, which can rise due to cancer, an enlarged prostate, or even infection.
- What to expect: It’s a routine lab test, usually completed in under 10 minutes.
- Pros: Non-invasive, widely available
- Cons: Can result in false positives or false negatives; further testing often needed
The American Urological Association recommends discussing PSA testing with your provider starting at age 50 (or 45 for those at higher risk).
2. Digital Rectal Exam (DRE)
Often performed along with the PSA test.
- How it works: A doctor inserts a gloved, lubricated finger into the rectum to feel for abnormalities.
- What to expect: Slight pressure or discomfort, but it’s quick and informative.
- Pros: Can detect hard or irregular areas the PSA might miss
- Cons: Not all tumors can be felt; patient discomfort may lead to avoidance
3. Prostate Biopsy
Recommended if PSA levels or DRE results are abnormal.
- How it works: A urologist takes small tissue samples from the prostate, usually using ultrasound guidance.
- What to expect: Often done under local anesthesia; may involve some bleeding or soreness
- Pros: Confirms cancer diagnosis
- Cons: Invasive; carries small risks of infection or bleeding
At Arkansas Urology, our physicians perform transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies, and results are typically available within a week.
4. MRI or Imaging Tests
Used to guide biopsy decisions or assess extent of cancer.
- How it works: MRI can reveal suspicious areas that may not show up on PSA or DRE.
- What to expect: Non-invasive imaging done at a hospital or imaging center
- Pros: Improves accuracy of biopsy, especially for repeat biopsies
- Cons: Cost and availability
Some centers offer fusion-guided biopsy, which overlays MRI and ultrasound images to target biopsies more precisely. We offer this advanced technology at select Arkansas Urology locations. Learn more about imaging and biopsy on the Mayo Clinic’s page on prostate cancer diagnosis.
What Should You Do Next?
If you’re unsure about whether to get screened, talk to your primary care physician or reach out to one of our providers. At Arkansas Urology, we help patients understand their personal risk factors and walk them through every step of the screening process.
We also encourage you to visit our Prostate Cancer page to learn more about our services.
You can also read more from the American Urological Association or National Cancer Institute for trusted information.
Prostate cancer detection can feel overwhelming, but you don’t have to navigate it alone. Screenings save lives, and understanding the process can make it less intimidating. Whether it’s your first PSA test or a biopsy recommendation, Arkansas Urology is here to help you make informed choices about your health.
Need to schedule a screening or consult with a urologist? Call us at 877.321.8452 or visit arkansasurology.com to learn more.
